• IEEE 802.3cd 100GBASE-FR compliance guarantees interoperability with MSA-compliant 100G ports across vendor platforms, using single-lambda architecture that simplifies 400G-to-100G breakout scenarios without sacrificing bandwidth per port
• PAM4 modulation at 50 Gbaud on a single 1310nm wavelength achieves 100 Gbps throughput over standard G.652 single-mode fibre, eliminating the wavelength multiplexing complexity of LR4 while maintaining 2km reach with 4 dB link budget
• Electrical interface presents 4x 25.78 Gbps NRZ lanes compliant with OIF CEI-28G-VSR, with onboard DSP-based gearbox and Broadcom chipset converting to single-lane 100G PAM4 optical signal via cooled EML laser transmitter
• Requires Forward Error Correction (FEC) on host platform to meet bit error rate targets; module integrates FEC-aware logic to ensure compatibility with IEEE 802.3cd FEC requirements for 100GBASE-FR links
• Hot-swappable QSFP28 footprint supports tool-free insertion and removal during live operation, with duplex LC connector enabling straightforward fibre termination using standard single-mode patch cables
• Digital diagnostic monitoring (DDM) via I2C interface exposes real-time optical parameters including laser temperature, bias current, transmit power, receive power, and supply voltage per QSFP28 MSA specification